Textile Tools

Determine the right needle for a sewing thread:

Here’s a quick way to determine if the thread and the sewing machine needle are compatible:

Take half a metre of the thread being used on the machine and thread it through the eye of a loose needle

Hold the thread vertically with the needle at the top

· If the needle is too big, it will drop to the bottom of the thread

· If the needle is too small, it will stick at the top of the thread

Importent Terms & Definition Which Are Essential For Dyeing?

Today I will present some 'terms and definitions' which are essential for dyeing.

AATCC : American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists.

Alginate : A thickener used in textile printing for the paste containing dye.

Affinity : Attraction between the dye and fibres.

Anhydrous : A substance which contains no water or without water.

Antichlor : A chemical used to neutralize chlorine bleach.

Anti foaming agent : An agent used to protect the dye solution from forming foam.

Flow process chart for Mercerization

Flow process chart for Mercerization.

Nasrin Sultana Tumpa.

Opex and Sinha Group.

Sr. Production Officer

B. Sc. In Textile Engineering

Bangladesh University of Business and Technology (BUBT)

Mercerizing is done before dyeing. Mercerized fabric is most sophisticated than un-mercerized fabric. This process also depends on the buyer requirement.

Mercerizing is done after bleaching operation. Bleaching is enough for prepared the fabric dyeing. But mercerization is done for adding some advantage to the fabric luster and strength.

Mercerizing makes fabric shinier and more colorful, and it provides the fabric stable shrinkage and fine. It is done for the sophisticated fabric.

Merchandising activities on goods delivery to buyers destination

Booking to forwarder

After making final inspection merchandiser received packing list from packing section which contain the list of carton, how many pieces garments in the carton, weight of the carton, number of pieces of garment to be shipped etc. Refer to this information merchandiser make booking to sea or air forwarder.

Export Documentation

The documents which to be submitted by a C&F agent for export: An exporter should have to submit the following documents to the customs authority of a station:

1. Shipping bill of entry.

2. Export L/C.

3. Packing List.

4. Commercial Invoice.

5. UD/UP.

6. VBF-9A. From to be supplied by the C&F agent.

7. Export Permission form (EXP).

Bill of Landing (B/L)

It is document issued by an eerier (railroad, steamship, or trucking Company) which serves as a

Garments Dyeing & Machine Specification

INTRODUCTION

Textile coloration is combination of same series processes such as scouring, bleaching, dyeing & after treatment which can be carried out at different stages of fiber processing in different forms like staple, yarn, fabric (rope or open-width, piece & garments) Dyeing of staple forms(loose fiber) is better for achieving better colorfastness, maximum penetration and uniform migration of dues over dyeing. Piece (batch) dyeing is carried out open width or rope form in depending on machine type & end-dyes. Usually these materials are dyed in exhaust dyeing method in a single dyeing machine. But lightweight woven fabrics & garments are also possible to dye with same principle in different form

SEWING MACHINE which are used in Garments Industries # 01

Sewing is a creative and interesting skill. The knowledge of sewing give a confident feeling when it is applied to the construction of garments. The earlier method of sewing by hand is not applicable for all stages of garment making. Therefore, considerable emphasis is given to machine sewing. There are several machines in the market today, each with its own desirable features and advantages. Sewing machines range from most basic having only simple lock stitch to the electronic machines that use advanced computer technology having various functions for

Example : piping, binding, ruffling, pleating, darning, hemming and even making buttonholes and attaching fasteners. A good sewing machine is required to obtain quality products. One has to be familiar with the characteristics of different types of machines for selecting appropriate machine, depending upon the ability and requirements of the person.

1.1 TYPES OF SEWING MACHINES:

Sewing machines are now available in various models such as domestic model, tailor model, industrial model, portable and cabinet models. They may be operated by hand, treadle or electric motor.

Hand – Operated Sewing Machine:

Various types of equipment can be used for preparing fabric. The ultimate goal of any preparation process is to produce fabric that is clean and rid of all impurities that interfere with dyeing and finishing. The preparation steps can be carried out as either batch or continuous processes. The fabric may be transported as a rope or as an open sheet through the equipment. The choice is often predicated on the dyehouse itself. The distinguishing feature of batch equipment is that all of the fabric is simultaneously submerged in the liquor. The fabric is agitated by moving it through the

Fabric preparation for dyeing

The term "Preparation" has two implications in textile processing. In greige manufacturing, it is used to describe the processes which prepare yarns for weaving and knitting. Mostly, it is used to describe slashing operations that ready warp yarns for weaving. In dyeing and finishing, the term is used to describe those processes that ready fabrics for the steps that follow, coloration and finishing. Fabric
preparation is the first of the wet processing steps where greige fabric is converted into finished fabric. The steps that follow, dyeing or printing and finishing, are greatly influenced by how the fabric is prepared. Improper preparation is often the cause of problems encountered in the dyeing and

Describe the types of fabric? | The flow chart of fabric manufacturing or weaving process?

Describe the types of fabric?

There are three types of fabric. They are –

1. Woven fabric: The fabrics which are produced by two sets of yarn by interlacing are called woven fabric. The name of two sets yarn are-

2. Knitted fabric: The fabrics which are produced by one sets of yarn by interlacing are called knitted fabric.

3. Non-woven: Here fabrics are produced by connecting yarn with gummy or bonded materials.

Define soft water | What is water softening? State the name of method of water softening | Describe the base exchange process for softening hard water?

Define soft water?

The water which does not contain H CO3-, Cl-, SO42- salt of Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Al3+ & form foam easily by reacting with soap is called soft water e.g. Rain water.

What is water softening? State the name of method of water softening?

WATER SOFTENING: To remove the impurities of hard water by some desirable process is called water softening.

WATER SOFTENING PLANT / METHODS OF WATER SOFTENING:

1. soda lime process.

2. Base exchange process (permutit).

3. Demineralisation.

4. Soda alum.

5. Aeration.

6. Chelation on sequestration.

7. Calgon process.