Merchandising activities on goods delivery to buyers destination

Booking to forwarder

After making final inspection merchandiser received packing list from packing section which contain the list of carton, how many pieces garments in the carton, weight of the carton, number of pieces of garment to be shipped etc. Refer to this information merchandiser make booking to sea or air forwarder.

Export Documentation

The documents which to be submitted by a C&F agent for export: An exporter should have to submit the following documents to the customs authority of a station:

1. Shipping bill of entry.

2. Export L/C.

3. Packing List.

4. Commercial Invoice.

5. UD/UP.

6. VBF-9A. From to be supplied by the C&F agent.

7. Export Permission form (EXP).

Bill of Landing (B/L)

It is document issued by an eerier (railroad, steamship, or trucking Company) which serves as a

Garments Labels | Different types of Label which are used in garment industry

Garments Labels:

Garments labels are sewn or printed in garments and contain, country of origin, manufacturer identification number, care instruction, and voluntary information identifying size and brand. Garments labels should be affixed and legible for the useful life of the apparel item. Garment labels are selected based on location of label (interior or exterior application); type and design of the garments; contact with the wearer’s skin; intricacy or simplicity of the label content (logo, graphic art, word, and so on); garment fabric, brand, quality, and price point; and information to be disclosed.

Label types:

Garments labels are created by manufacturers from both mature and synthetic fibers and can be woven or printed. Woven labels are more durable and maintain their appearance and legibility longer than printed labels after repeated laundering or dry-cleaning. Materials used for sew- in labels include acetate, cotton, bamboo, polyester, leather, suede, PVC, silicon, or rubber.

How to Calculate Garments Cost of Manufacturing (CM) | Knit Garments CM Calculation Formula

CM is the abbreviation for Cost of Manufacturing. In apparel industry CM means Manufacturing Cost of 12 pcs garments. To calculate Manufacturing Cost of 12 pcs knit garments of a specific order we must know-

1. Monthly expenditure of the factory,

2. Total running machine,

3. Machine qty to execute the layout of the specific order,

4. Daily (8 hour/day) productivity of the said order (excluding alter and reject) and

5. Dollar conversion rate (if monthly expenditure amount is other than US Dollar)

Suppose,

-Monthly Factory Expenditure is BD Taka 40,00,000
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How to Measure Button Ligne in Garments Industry?

What is Button Ligne?

A button's ligne, refers to a button's size. The word ligne, is a French word that became the standard reference used by German button manufacturers in the early eighteenth century. Ligne is expressed as “L” which is the internationally recognized standard. Consensus at the time was that a "ligne" measured the inside diameter of a "round wick folded flat." One inch is equal to 40 English ligne, 11 French ligne, and 25.5 mm.

Measuring a button - When measuring buttons, we generally are referring to the diameter of the button.   A one inch diameter is called a 40-ligne, which can also be written as 40 Line or simply 40L.

Button Size Measurement Method in Garments Sector:

To measure the button size, we have to use ligne.

We Know,

1 inch = 25.4 mm = 40L

So, 1L = 0.635 mm

Button Ligne (L) = Button Diameter (mm)/0.635

Example-01:

Fabric GSM wise required yarn count?

Yarn Count:

The yarn count is numerical expressions which define its coarseness or fineness

Fabric GSM:

‘GSM’ means ‘Gram per square meter’ that is the weight of fabric in gram per one square meter.

There are given various fabrics GSM and their required yarn count: 

For Single Jersey Fabric

Yarn Count	GSM (With Out Lycra)	GSM (With Lycra)
40/S	100-120	140-150
34/S	130-140	170-180
30/S	140-150	180-200
28/S	150-160	200-210
26/S	160-170	220-230
24/S	170-180	230-240
22/S	190-200	250-260
20/S	200-220	270-280

The American Care Labeling System?

According to the Federal Trade Commission’s Care Label rule, care labels may be composed of either words or symbols. Irrespective of whether the content is words, symbols, or both, care instructions appear in the following order:

1. Machine wash / Hand wash / Dry-clean

2. Washing temperature (hot / warm / cold)

3. Washing machine programme (delicate / permanent press / normal cycle)

4. Bleaching instruction (do not bleach / non-chlorine bleach / chlorine bleach)

5. Drying method (tumble dry / line dry / flat dry / drip dry)

6. Ironing (do not iron / cool iron / warm iron / hot iron)

The European Care Labeling System?

Individual committees of the European Union are reviewing existing care label standards by collaborating with other international bodies so that they can create a unified system under the ISO scheme.

The symbols used in Europe are trademarked by GENETEX and a trademark fee needs to be paid to GENETEX, the trademark holder, if the garments are to be sold in a GENETEX country.

A correct care label for European countries is required to consist of at least four and sometimes five symbols in the following sequence: 1) Washing, 2) Bleaching, 3) Ironing, 4)

Relation between yarn count and fabric GSM ?

Relation between yarn count and fabric GSM 

Md. Muyeed Hasan.

Marketing Executive.

Graphics Textile Ltd.

B. Sc in Textile Engineering

Bangladesh University of Textiles (BUTEX)

Mail: muyeed.butex@gmail.com

Phone: +880 1764402661

Yarn Count:

The yarn count is numerical expressions which define its coarseness or fineness. And also indicate the relationship between length and weight (the mass per unit length or the length per unit mass) of that yarn.

Fabric GSM:

‘GSM’ means ‘Gram per square meter’ that is the weight of fabric in gram per one square meter. The GSM of fabric is one kind of specification of fabric which is very important for a textile engineer for understanding and production of fabric. It is essential to know the weight of the fabric before manufacturing and after getting the finished fabric.

Different Fabric GSM and Their Required Yarn Count:

What is Accessories ? What are the Differences between Trims and Accessories?

Introduction :

A Fashion accessories is an item used to contribute, in a secondary manner, to the wearer's outfit, often used to complete an outfit and chosen to specifically complement the wearer's look. The term came into use in the 19th century.

Fashion accessories are decorative items that supplement one's garment, such as jewelry, gloves, handbags, hats, belts, scarves, watches, sunglasses, pins, stockings, bow ties, leg warmers, leggings, neckties, suspenders, and tights.

Fashion accessories add color, style and class to an outfit, and create a certain look, but they may also have practical functions. Handbags are for carrying small necessary items, hats protect the face from weather elements, Laptops provide mobile connectivity and are used to increase work power and gloves keep the hands warm.

Differences between Trims and Accessories:

What is garments sample & how many types of sample used in garments ?

Sample

Sample is the prototype or model of the garments upon what buyer can decide on how and whether to confirm the order or not. In garments industry, this sample come from buyer and it is followed from bulk production called sample.

 Types of sample

1.      Photo sample: The sample is made for modeling, it is worn by the model on the event of shooting for catalog or it is used for fashion show.

2.      Sales man sample: The sample is made for market appraisal or marketing purpose then it is called sales man sample. It is made at the final stage of the order confirmation and actual materials

Import & Export Procedure For Merchandiser ?

Import Procedure:

The Export Import of Garments Products is a vital matter of a Garments company. It increases the opportunity for entrepreneurship development in garment sector. Thus it helps the unemployed people as well as the government to remove unemployment problem and also play an important role in the economic development of the country

1) Import License required: Graphics Textiles Ltd has import License will be necessary for import of any item but it is not needed to import goods.

(2) Import against LCA From: Unless otherwise specified, all imports transacted through a bank(L/Cs, bank drafts, remittances etc.) shall require LCA forms irrespective of the source of finance.

Marketing mix concept for a good Merchandiser??What is “4 P”??

The marketing mix consists of everything the firm can do to influence the demand for the product. The many possibilities can be collected into four groups of variables known as the “4 P”: Product, price, place, promotion. Mainly merchandising is a part of marketing process. There are required 4 P’s to complete the whole process of merchandising.

1. Product
2. Price
3. Place/Distribution
4. Promotion

1 Product:

Product means the goods and services combination the company offers to the target market. If we consider Section Seven garments their main product is readymade garments.

According to Graphics textile’s product part is described below:

Items: Men's, Ladies, Toddler And Children: T-Shirt, Tank Top, Tunic, Trouser, Shorts, Legging, Nightwear, Baby Bodies, Sleep Suite, Rompers, Jacket.Hody, Underwear, Cardigan & all kinds of knit garments & Knit fabrics.

What is L/C ? And different types of L/C? L/C procedure ?

Letter of credit is abbreviated as L/C means a form issued by bank indicating that the payment. Its play a vital roles in import and export business.

The importance of Commercial department is vastly. They have to make all shipping documents; Export and import follow up, purchasing foreign items, opening LC.

There are different kinds of L/C such as-

1) Revocable L/C.

2) Irrevocable L/C.

3) Confirmed L/C.

4) Back to Back L/C.

5) Revolving L/C.

6) Stand by L/C. 

8) Sight L/C.

9) Red clause L/C.

10) Transferable or divisible L/C

Irrevocable letter of credit:

Constitute a definite undertaking of the issuing bank; provided that the stipulated documents are presented the terms and conditions of the credit are complied with:

The full name of L/C is IRREVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT which means once it is issued by the bank for the buyer and received and accepted by beneficiary(the seller), it cannot be canceled or

Merchandising Process of a Garments Industry?

The Merchandising process with correspondence of buyers and merchandiser. In the very fast there is e-mail communication with the buyer. The buyers send a mail with the design specification to the merchandiser to prepare the sample and costing. Then the prepared sample and costing of the sample is sending to the buyer through mail. If the sample is approved by the buyer then it is the turn for negotiate the costing. After settle the price, the buyer sends contract and order sheet to the Factory and confirm the delivery time and way. During the time of confirming the order, the buyer opens L/C. The sample development and other important tasks of Factory are elaborately describe below-

Decision Making For a Good Merchandiser

Apparel export merchandising may be defined as ‘all the planning & activities involved right from the buyer  communication & order receiving till the execution or shipment of the order by fulfilling the following factors (Six Rights):

Right Merchandise: Merchandiser Retailers must fill their shelves with the merchandise that customer wants.

Right Place: The location of the merchandise is of prime importance since it decides the
accessibility. Much merchandise is seasonal in nature and must be on hand when it is most needed.

Right Time: Much merchandise is seasonal in nature and must be on hand when it is most needed.

Right Quantity: A profitable balance between volume of sales and amount of inventory is the desired goal.

Right Price: Merchandiser must arrive at a price that is high enough to give the store profit and yet low enough to meet the competition and customers’ expectations.

Right Promotion: Right balance between the investment and the appeal created for the customers.

First Communication with buyer for start business development

For new business development sellers have to communicate with buyer. Email is the easiest and swift way of communication so when seller will contract first time with buyer by email at that time have to mention some important information about company. Which kind of things should be include here this are-

• Information about you and your company.
• Products information about your company.
• Capacity and productivity.
• Which buyer work with you.
• Attachment a beautiful sample photograph.
• Wearing for feedback.

This kind of information should be included in this email. On the other hand this email will be minimum word and maximum communication.

Sample of first email

Dear Sir,

Good day . Hope you are doing fine .

This is “X’ Executive Marketing from Graphics Textile Ltd .  

Our company Graphics Textiles Limited, Bangladesh, is a modern, vertically integrated composite 
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How to start or procedure Business Development with a buyer?

Apparel industry must be developed with the trend of market otherwise they cannot extend their business. To collect new buyer and business with them a company must follow the procedure of business development. Buyers have been chosen by two ways. Firstly, Buyer chooses the supplier and the second one sometimes, "X" want to work with a particular buyer and then contact with them according to that. The "X" GROUP follow the procedure of business development, this are given below-

 

Responsibilities of A Good Merchandiser?

Responsibilities of Merchandiser

• Doing work with buyers/sellers closely and determining range of commodities or goods to sell.
• Doing work in right time in right place considering time & place for buying goods demand.
• Calculation the prices of goods.
• Preparing current sales figure.
• Giving policy guidelines to the buyers.
• Taking responsibility promotion, display.

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Merchandising Activities & Some important functions ?

Merchandising Activities:

The successful execution of any garment export order depends on the work performance of a merchandiser. The functions of merchandising are playing a different role in different situation. Some important functions are given as below:

Basic qualification of a good Merchandiser?

Merchandiser:

The Man, who is involved in garments trade, as a order sourcing, developed the order, negotiated with buyer and supplier and execute the order in a required time frame is called Merchandiser. The functions of a merchandiser are known as Merchandising. The term merchandising has been derived from the word merchandise, which means goods that is bought and sold.

Merchandising is a business on marketing activities responsible for ensuring a products description both quality and quantity. Merchandising means total responsibility of a Merchandiser.

In other words merchandising is the marketing activity responsible for ensuring a product’s “desirability”, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

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