The machine used for weaving fabrics is a loom. Before weaving yarns intended for warp must pass through such operations as spooling, wraping and slashing to prepare them to withstand the strain of weaving process. These processes do not improve quality of yarns.
a. Spooling:
Yarn is wound on large spools, or cones which are placed on a rack called a creel from this yarns are wound on warp beam, which is similar to huge spool.
b. Starching:
These yarns are unwound to be put through a slashing or sizing bath. The slasher machine covers every yarn with a coating to prevent breaking during weaving process.
c. Wrapping:
The sized yarns are then wound on a final warp beam and are ready for the loom.The warp beam prepared now is then mounted on looms. Before the invention of conventional loom, back strap loom was in existence. Later on, the conventional loom replaced the back strap loom which is now-a-days not in use. The above given preparatory procedures were not followed in the back strap loom since
the fabric was prepared manually. On conventional loom, the warp beam is mounted at the back and warp yarns are conveyed to a cylinder called cloth roll, which is at the front of the loom and on which fabric is rolled as it is constructed.
The warp beam holds the length-wise yarns and is located at the back of the loom. This beam is controlled so that it releases yarn to the loom as it is needed.The Heddles are wires or metal strips with an eye located in the center through which the warp ends are threaded. The harness is the frame that
holds the Heddles in position. Each loom has atleast two harnessess. A majority of looms for regular fabrics have four to twelve harnessess and some looms may have as many as thirty-two. Harnessess
can be raised or lowered to produce the shed through which the filling yarn is passed and thus controls the pattern of weave.The shuttle move back and forth in the shed created, passing the filling yarns between the warp yarns. The reed is a comb like device that helps to pack the filling yarns into position in the woven fabric.
during weaving process.The cloth beam is located at the front of the loom and holds the completed fabric. So we can say a basic loom consists of: 1. Warp beam 2. Heddles and harness 3. Shuttle 4. Reed 5. Cloth beam
Now-a-days highly sophisticated looms are available which may have devices other than these but all the looms no matter how specialized they are, have some basic operations which are fundamental and are performed in sequence and are constantly repeated.
a. Spooling:
Yarn is wound on large spools, or cones which are placed on a rack called a creel from this yarns are wound on warp beam, which is similar to huge spool.
b. Starching:
These yarns are unwound to be put through a slashing or sizing bath. The slasher machine covers every yarn with a coating to prevent breaking during weaving process.
c. Wrapping:
The sized yarns are then wound on a final warp beam and are ready for the loom.The warp beam prepared now is then mounted on looms. Before the invention of conventional loom, back strap loom was in existence. Later on, the conventional loom replaced the back strap loom which is now-a-days not in use. The above given preparatory procedures were not followed in the back strap loom since
the fabric was prepared manually. On conventional loom, the warp beam is mounted at the back and warp yarns are conveyed to a cylinder called cloth roll, which is at the front of the loom and on which fabric is rolled as it is constructed.
The warp beam holds the length-wise yarns and is located at the back of the loom. This beam is controlled so that it releases yarn to the loom as it is needed.The Heddles are wires or metal strips with an eye located in the center through which the warp ends are threaded. The harness is the frame that
holds the Heddles in position. Each loom has atleast two harnessess. A majority of looms for regular fabrics have four to twelve harnessess and some looms may have as many as thirty-two. Harnessesscan be raised or lowered to produce the shed through which the filling yarn is passed and thus controls the pattern of weave.The shuttle move back and forth in the shed created, passing the filling yarns between the warp yarns. The reed is a comb like device that helps to pack the filling yarns into position in the woven fabric.
during weaving process.The cloth beam is located at the front of the loom and holds the completed fabric. So we can say a basic loom consists of: 1. Warp beam 2. Heddles and harness 3. Shuttle 4. Reed 5. Cloth beam
Now-a-days highly sophisticated looms are available which may have devices other than these but all the looms no matter how specialized they are, have some basic operations which are fundamental and are performed in sequence and are constantly repeated.