Describe the types of fabric? | The flow chart of fabric manufacturing or weaving process?

Describe the types of fabric?

There are three types of fabric. They are –

1.         Woven fabric: The fabrics which are produced by two sets of yarn by interlacing are called woven fabric. The name of two sets yarn are-

2.        Knitted fabric: The fabrics which are produced by one sets of yarn by interlacing are called knitted fabric.

3.         Non-woven: Here fabrics are produced by connecting yarn with gummy or bonded materials.

Define soft water | What is water softening? State the name of method of water softening | Describe the base exchange process for softening hard water?

Define soft water?

The water which does not contain H CO3-, Cl-, SO42- salt of Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Al3+ & form foam easily by reacting with soap is called soft water e.g. Rain water.

What is water softening? State the name of method of water softening?

WATER SOFTENING: To remove the impurities of hard water by some desirable process is called water softening.

WATER SOFTENING PLANT / METHODS OF WATER SOFTENING:

1.         soda lime process.

2.        Base exchange process (permutit).

3.         Demineralisation.

4.        Soda alum.

5.         Aeration.

6.        Chelation on sequestration.

7.         Calgon process.

Basic Weaving Operation

The machine used for weaving fabrics is a loom. Before weaving yarns intended for warp must pass through such operations as spooling, wraping and slashing to prepare them to withstand the strain of weaving process. These processes do not improve quality of yarns.

a. Spooling:


Yarn is wound on large spools, or cones which are placed on a rack called a creel from this yarns are wound on warp beam, which is similar to huge spool.

b. Starching:

These yarns are unwound to be put through a slashing or sizing bath. The slasher machine covers every yarn with a coating to prevent breaking during weaving process.