100% cotton
In this
type of yarn the fiber used in the yarn is fully natural cotton fiber.
Viscose:
This is
also called regenerated yarn. In this process the used fiber is produced from
the cellulose of eucalyptus tree. The melted cellulose of this tree is passed
through spinneret and viscose fiber is produced and this fiber used for making
yarn.
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It is
one kind of modified viscose. By increasing the strength and luster of viscose
this type of yarn is produced.
Blended
Different
fibers are combined to make a definite type of yarn in this process.
Organic yarn
When
yarn is spun from the cottons which are produced in the field where no
fertilizer and pesticides are used then they are known as organic cotton. The standard
of their quality is lower than the other natural cotton.
Special Featured Yarn
Slub
The
yarn has got thick and thin places along its length. By varying the amount of
drafting in different processes of spinning slub yarn is produced.
Multi-count
When
the slub length is almost one meter or greater then this type of yarn is called
multi-count.
Multi-twisted yarn
The
amount of twist is varied along the length of the yarn and this type of yarn is
produced.
Important Criteria of Fiber
- Length
- Strength:
- Fineness:
- Maturity:
- Short fiber content
- Color
Short notes on these are given below
- Length
The
greater the length of fiber the better the quality of yarn
- Strength:
The force needed to break a fiber determines
its strength. Good quality yarn has better strength. Strength depends on
length, dyeing of fiber.
- Fineness:
The
extent to which the fibers are thick or thin determines the fineness of fiber.
When the yarn is made up of thin fibers then its color absorbing power is
higher. And thicker fiber causes less color absorption. But when thick and thin
is mixed up then the dye absorption is not uniform.
·
Maturity:
In the
cotton plant when the cotton ball cracks and cotton can be seen then it is
assumed that the cotton is matured. But if the plucking is done before the
right time then that immature cotton is a bit sticky and it causes neps. The
dye absorbing ability of immature fiber is quite low because of these neps. White
spike can be seen in this case.
- Short fiber content
If the
fiber length is calculated in a certain amount of cotton then some fibers are
found of very short length. Less amount of short fiber is desirable. It creates
thick places and also hairiness along the length of yarn.
- Color
Uniform
color of fiber is expected. Bleaching needs different amount of chemical for
different colors of yarn. Over bleaching can cause reduction in strength.
Uniform color can ensure required amount of bleaching.
Yellowness
is determined by using +b scale.
The
glossiness of yarn is a good quality feature and Rd (Reflective distance)
measures this feature.
Important Terms of Spinning
Unit of
yarn: different types of unit system of yarn are widely used.
- Indirect system: in this system, the length of yarn in one unit weight is calculated. Here,
1 hank= 840 yards of yarn.
1 count = amount of hank in one pound of
yarn.
This is also known as English Cotton System, Nec.
- Direct system: the unit used in this system is Tex.
Spandex:
This is a kind of elastomeric filament. A popular brand producing this type of
filament is Lycra.
Bale Management
Bale
management is done at the starting of the yarn spinning process. It refers to
the process where bales of different cotton are arranged in such a way so that
the proportions of various types of cotton remain same in all the lot.
If you like it, please don’t
forget to put your valuable comments
By,
MD Shakhawat Hossain
B.sc in Textile Engineer
Executive of Marketing
Facebook
: shakhawat.rasel
Skype
: shrtex
E-Mail : shrtex@gmail.com
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