Importent Terms & Definition Which Are Essential For Dyeing?

Today I will present some 'terms and definitions' which are essential for dyeing.

  

AATCC : American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists.

Alginate : A thickener used in textile printing for  the paste containing dye.

Affinity : Attraction between the dye and fibres.

Anhydrous : A substance which contains no water or without water. 

Antichlor : A chemical used to neutralize chlorine bleach.

Anti foaming agent : An agent used to protect the dye solution from forming foam. 

anti-migrant : An additive used to prevent undesired movement or spread  the wet dye on fabric.

Binder : A material like gum or glue  nearly colorless, that is used to attach a pigment to fabric.

Carbonizing : Treatment of wool with acid and heat to remove vegetable, burrs, other  materials.

cloud point :  The temperature at and above which a water soluble  component will precipitate from solution.

crocking : Transfer of color from dyed or pigmented fabric onto other white fast fabric by rubbing.

Defibrillation : Process to remove fibrils from the surface of a fabric.

Diluent : Deluent or dilutant is a solid or liquid chemical used to carry or  dilute anything. 

Electrolyte : A substance that makes an electrically conductive solution when it is dissolved in water.

Etchant : In textile terms, a chemical that is used to break down fibres so that they can be removed for purposes of patterning.

Exhaustion :  The transfer of dye from dye bath to fibre.

Fastness : The resistance of a textile material to specific chemical agencies.

Fixation :  Build up the “final” bond between the dye and fibre

hydration number : A value indicating how many water molecules are associated with each molecule of some other compound in a crystal of that compound.

Hygroscopic :  Having a tendency to absorb water or moisture from air.

Indigo : A natural or synthetic Vat dye derived from the plant Indigofera tinctoria.

leveling agent :  An ionic, non-ionic surfactant used to promote level dyeing.

Mercerization : treatment of cotton yarn or fabric with a strong solution of NaOH to increase its strength.

Mordant : A chemical that helps the binding of dye or dyestuff  to the fibers for both fiber and dye.

Owf : On weight of fibre, normally expressed in percentage.

  

Omf : On  mass of fibre

Padding : A dyeing method with very low liquor to good ratio, where typically only enough strong dye solution is used to saturate the fabric

Pigment dyeing : Coloring fabric with  ground pigments mixed with a binder rather than a true dye.

Soaping or soaping off : A process of washing the dyed fabric with hot water with surfactants or cleaning agents, soap, detergent to remove the fixed dye. 

Softener (fabric softener) : A chemical or chemical mixture like lubricant stands for to give fabric a soft hand.

Softener (water softener) : Chemicals used to water to prevent hardness ions from interfering with other solutes.

Stripping : The process to remove  uneven dye from fabric before redyeing it.

Stock solution: A solution of known strength, made up with the intent of dilution or mixing before final use. Stocked will  be discussed future.

Substantive(ity) : The rate of dye to transfer from solute to solution. 

Subtractive : With reference to color, removal of colors from light reflected from a surface.

Surfactant : Surface active agent.

Syntan : Synthetic tanning agent.

Wetting agent: An agent helps to increase the uptake of the dye by the fibre or to penetrate solution by wetting it.

W/w : Abbreviation of weight/weight.

W/v : Abbreviation for weight/volume.