WHY FABRICS WRINKLE?

Why do some fabrics wrinkle and others don't? Close examination of this question reveals a relationship between moisture absorption and wrinkling. Wool and cotton fabrics wrinkle, both fibers absorb water. Polyester and nylon fabrics are more restive to wrinkling; they absorb much less than the other two.

To understand wrinkling of cellulose fibers, consider the stress and strain forces within a smooth rod as it bent - see figure 43. The stretching stresses at the outer reaches of the bend provide lateral forces to adjacent polymer chains which can cause them to move. The inner polymer chains are under compression stresses – also

Why Fabrics Shrinkage?

Woven and knitted goods are 3-dimensional arrays of crimped yarns. Fabric forming processes take straight lengths of yarns and force them into 2-dimensional crimped lengths. The degree of crimp is a function of the yarn size and fabric construction.

When fabric is completely relaxed, the crossing yarns will move around in relation to each other until a stable configuration is reached. This stable arrangement, the point where the relaxed fabric no longer shrinks in width and length, is also related to yarn sizes and fabric construction. When stretching tensions are applied to the fabric, the crimped amplitude decreases and the fabric grows in the direction of the stress. 

Later when the tensions are relieved and the fabric allowed relaxing, the crimp amplitude returns to its stable configuration and the fabric shrinks. Many fabrics are stretched during wet processing as they are pulled from one operation to another. This

What are natural dyes? Advantages and disadvantages of natural dyes?

Definition of natural dyes?

The word ‘natural dye’ covers all the dyes derived from the natural sources like plants, animal and minerals. Natural dyes are mostly non-substantive and must be applied on textiles by the help of mordents, usually a metallic salt, having an affinity for both the coloring matter and the fiber. Transition metal ions usually have strong coordinating power and/or capable of forming week to medium attraction/interaction forces and thus can act as bridging material to create substantively of natural dyes/colorants when a textile material being impregnated with such metallic salt (i.e. mordant) is subjected to dyeing with different natural dyes, usually having some mordantable groups facilitating fixation of such dye/colourant. These metallic mordants after combining with dye in the fibre, it forms an insoluble

PARTS OF A SINGLE NEEDLE SEWING MACHINE AND THEIR FUNCTIONS:

The basic structure of sewing machine is the same whether it is hand-operated sewing, treadle sewing machine or electric sewing machine. The basic parts of a sewing are listed below and seen in Fig.1

Fig. 1 Parts of a Sewing Machine

1. Spool pin: It is fitted on top of the arm to hold the reel.

2. Thread guide: It holds the thread in position from the spool to the needle.

3. Tension disc: The two concave discs put together with the convex sides facing each other.

Characteristics & Applications of Silk fibers?

Silk is a fine, continuous strand unwound from the cocoon of a moth caterpillar known as the silkworm. It is composed of protein. It is very shiny due to the triangular prism-like structure of the silk fibre, which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles.

Characteristics & Applications of Wool fibers?

Wool fibre grows from the skin of sheep and is a relatively coarse and crimped fibre with scales on its surface. It is composed of protein. The fibre appearance varies depending on the breed of the sheep. Finer, softer and warmer fibres tend to be with more and smoother scales. Thicker, less warm fibres have fewer and rougher scales. Normally, the better wool fibres with finer scales are duller in appearance than the poorer quality fibres which have fewer scales.

Characteristics & Applications of Linen fibers?

Linen, one of the most expensive natural fibres, is made from the flax plant. It is labour-intensive to produce, hence produced in small quantities. However linen fabric is valued for its exceptional coolness and freshness in hot weather.

It is composed of 70% cellulose and 30% pectin, ash, woody tissue and moisture.

Characteristics & Applications of Cotton fibers?

Textiles have such an important bearing on our daily lives that everyone should know something about the basics of fibres and their properties.

Textile fibres are used for a wide range of applications such as covering, warmth, personal adornment and even to display personal wealth.

Textile technology has come a long way in meeting these requirements. A basic knowledge of textile fibres will facilitate an intelligent appraisal of fibre brands and types and help in identifying the

What are the disadvantages of Garments Dyeing?

Not suited to all fabrics:

• On densely woven lightweight fabrics there is a high risk of seam pucker if cotton sewing threads are used of relatively high grist to achieve adequate seam strength. 100% cotton fabrics are low in elongation and therefore the fabric yarns are displaced around the needle and thread increasing the degree of seam pucker.
• On lightweight fabrics that require fine ticket sizes of thread, seam strength can be compromised.
• Fabrics with high stretch properties, such as those containing Lycra can give problems with seam extension due to the low elongation properties of 100% cotton sewing threads.

Not always providing the desired final appearance:

• Garments that follow the garments dye route have a "casual / washed down" appearance. Where a pristine finished look is required the garments dye route is not recommended.

Why we used in Garment Dyeing? Advantage of Garments Dyeing?

In the world of fast fashion when time to market is paramount, garment dyeing garments make up is increasingly adopted by manufacturers.

Apparel dyeing has implications for the finished quality of the garments and this bulletin explains how to minimize the negative impact of this process on general seam appearance and sewing related issues. We explain the dos and don'ts of sewing garments dyed garments.